Advanced Thermal Solutions

Maximum Cooling Efficiency Through Complete Submersion

Data center liquid cooling reaches its ultimate form with single-phase immersion technology. By completely submerging servers in specialized dielectric fluid, heat transfers directly from all components into the surrounding liquid. This creates a near-isothermal environment that eliminates hotspots, enhances hardware performance, and drastically reduces cooling energy requirements. Triton Thermal engineers complete, integrated immersion solutions for the most demanding computing workloads.

Triton Thermal's Single-Phase Immersion Cooling Solutions

Triton Thermal delivers single-phase immersion cooling as a complete, full-stack solution – not just as isolated equipment components. Our comprehensive approach ensures optimal performance, reliability, and integration.

Custom Engineered Systems

Every immersion cooling project we undertake is custom-designed for the specific environment and requirements. Our engineering team conducts detailed assessments of IT load, facility layout, and infrastructure to design tailored immersion cooling systems. This includes selecting appropriate immersion tanks, recommending optimal cooling fluids, and designing comprehensive heat rejection systems. This custom approach ensures your immersion cooling deployment precisely matches your technical, operational, and business requirements.

End-to-End Integration

Triton handles the comprehensive integration of immersion cooling into your environment, ensuring proper physical fit, mechanical integration with cooling infrastructure, electrical integration for monitoring systems, and operational alignment with maintenance procedures. Our team can provide or integrate cooling distribution units, piping, and even on-site chillers or cooling towers as needed, delivering a turnkey installation ready for immediate operation.

Expertise & Support

Triton Thermal’s expertise in thermal management and infrastructure ensures reliable design and execution. Our professional team combines experience in both IT and mechanical systems to provide comprehensive support from initial PUE modeling through installation, commissioning, and ongoing maintenance.

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Transforming Data Center Cooling for Maximum Efficiency

High-density computing environments require cooling solutions that can handle extreme thermal demands while maximizing energy efficiency. Single phase immersion cooling represents a transformative approach for high-performance computing (HPC) and data center environments, delivering unmatched thermal management capabilities.

Unlike traditional air cooling methods, single-phase immersion cooling submerges server hardware directly in a specialized dielectric fluid that absorbs heat directly from components. This approach delivers dramatic improvements in energy efficiency, computing density, and system reliability.

Single-phase immersion cooling significantly improves data center efficiency and can reduce PUE (Power Usage Effectiveness) to near-perfect levels by virtually eliminating cooling-related power consumption. For organizations deploying intensive AI workloads or operating large-scale computing environments, immersion cooling provides a strategic advantage in performance, cost, and sustainability.

Triton Thermal engineers custom single-phase immersion solutions for complex computing environments, providing complete design, implementation, and support services for mission-critical facilities.

What is Single Phase Immersion Cooling?

Single-phase immersion cooling is an advanced thermal management approach where IT hardware is completely submerged in a non-conductive dielectric fluid. The “single phase” designation indicates that the fluid remains in liquid form throughout the cooling process – it doesn’t boil or evaporate when absorbing heat from the hardware.
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How Single-Phase Cooling Works

The cooling process follows a straightforward but highly efficient path:

  • Direct Heat Transfer: Servers and components generate heat during operation, which transfers directly into the surrounding fluid
  • Fluid Circulation: The heated fluid is pumped through heat exchangers or cooling distribution units
  • Heat Rejection: The fluid’s heat is transferred to a secondary cooling loop (often a water system or chiller)
  • Continuous Cycle: The cooled fluid returns to the immersion tank to continue absorbing heat

Unlike air cooling, which struggles with heat capacity and distribution challenges, single phase immersion cooling fluid efficiently captures and removes heat from all surfaces simultaneously. This eliminates thermal barriers and hotspots that limit performance in traditional setups.

Single-phase immersion systems typically use specially formulated dielectric fluids – non-conductive liquids with high heat capacity, good thermal conductivity, and compatibility with electronic components. These fluids might be engineered synthetic liquids or refined mineral oil-based solutions, depending on specific requirements.
A key advantage of immersion cooling is the elimination of traditional data center cooling infrastructure. The system doesn’t require raised floors, CRAC units, or complex air management – the immersion tanks handle thermal management with minimal additional equipment.

Immersion Cooling Fluids and Equipment

The dielectric fluid is central to single-phase immersion cooling performance. These specialized coolants remain in liquid form at all operating temperatures, offer high thermal conductivity for efficient heat transfer, and maintain complete electrical non-conductivity to protect electronics. Triton Thermal works with multiple fluid suppliers to select the optimal single-phase immersion cooling fluid for each deployment, ensuring complete compatibility with your specific server hardware.

A complete single-phase immersion system incorporates several critical elements, including engineered containment vessels, circulation systems, heat rejection equipment, filtration systems, monitoring infrastructure, and maintenance access features. Triton Thermal’s immersion designs integrate seamlessly with facility-level cooling systems, including existing chillers, cooling towers, or dry coolers, ensuring the immersion tanks function as part of a robust, efficient cooling infrastructure.

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Benefits of Single-Phase Immersion Cooling

Organizations are increasingly turning to single-phase immersion cooling for mission-critical data centers and HPC clusters. This approach delivers substantial advantages across multiple operational dimensions.
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Dramatically Improved Energy Efficiency

Single-phase immersion cooling can reduce cooling energy consumption by up to 50% compared to traditional air cooling systems. This efficiency comes from direct heat capture at the component level, elimination of server fans and CRAC units, higher temperature operation, and reduced mechanical refrigeration needs. The result is dramatically lower Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) – often approaching 1.03 or better in well-designed immersion-cooled facilities.
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High-Density Computing Capability

By removing heat so effectively, single-phase immersion allows for far greater compute density than conventional approaches. Systems can support racks exceeding 100kW without thermal limitations and potentially reduce IT footprint by up to 70% compared to air cooling. This density advantage is particularly valuable for HPC applications and modern AI workloads that require substantial processing power within limited space.
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Reliable Thermal Performance & Equipment Longevity

The uniform cooling environment provided by immersion technology delivers significant reliability improvements by eliminating hotspots and thermal cycling that stress components. Components operate at consistent temperatures, are protected from airborne contaminants, and experience less thermal-related performance throttling during peak loads. Many organizations report notable reductions in hardware failures after transitioning to immersion cooling.
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Lower Maintenance & Operating Costs

Single-phase systems are simpler to maintain than many alternative cooling methods. Without fluid evaporation, coolant replacement is minimal. The elimination of server fans removes common failure points, and the absence of air filters and reduced CRAC units means less maintenance overall. These advantages translate to lower ongoing operational expenses beyond the initial energy savings, improving the total cost of ownership over the system’s lifespan.

Single-Phase vs. Two-Phase Immersion Cooling

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Understanding how single-phase immersion compares to two-phase approaches helps organizations select the optimal solution for their needs.

Two-phase immersion involves a specialized fluid that boils into vapor when heated and then condenses back to liquid, carrying away heat through this phase change. In contrast, single-phase immersion cooling uses a fluid that remains liquid throughout the process – heat is removed by fluid circulation and external heat exchange.

Single-phase systems generally offer simpler design and operation without the need for vapor containment and condensation infrastructure. Maintenance needs also differ, with two-phase fluids potentially requiring more frequent replacement at higher costs. However, both approaches deliver excellent cooling performance far beyond traditional air cooling, with only marginal differences in achievable PUE.

For most data center operators, the nearly equivalent efficiency coupled with the simpler, safer operation makes single-phase immersion an attractive choice. It provides the vast majority of benefits without the specialized fluids or complex systems that two-phase requires.

Ideal Applications and Use Cases

Single-phase immersion cooling excels in several specific computing environments:

High-Performance Computing (HPC)

HPC clusters in research labs, universities, and enterprise R&D centers push computational limits and generate enormous heat loads. Single-phase immersion cooling effectively handles dense GPU and CPU clusters, maintains consistent temperatures for precise calculations, enables higher clock speeds without thermal throttling, and supports continuous operation for long-running computations.

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AI and Machine Learning Infrastructure

Modern AI workloads create intense thermal challenges that immersion cooling efficiently addresses by supporting dense GPU deployments, handling extreme heat output of specialized accelerators, enabling maximum computational performance, and reducing infrastructure footprint.

Large-Scale Data Centers & Cloud Providers

Enterprise and cloud data centers benefit substantially from immersion cooling’s efficiency advantages through drastically reduced cooling electricity costs, support for higher rack densities, contributions to sustainability goals, and heat reuse opportunities.

Edge and Remote Computing

Specialized edge deployments can leverage immersion cooling to overcome challenging environments with reliable cooling in locations with limited infrastructure, protection from harsh environmental conditions, minimal on-site maintenance requirements, and high-performance computing capabilities in non-traditional places.

The Triton Thermal Advantage for Immersion Cooling

Triton Thermal designs and implements complete immersion cooling ecosystems that radically transform how heat is managed in high-density computing environments. Our engineering team specializes in both single-phase and two-phase immersion technologies, creating custom-tailored solutions that deliver unmatched thermal efficiency while significantly reducing energy consumption and enabling unprecedented compute density.

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What To Expect

  • Comprehensive Design: We engineer complete immersion systems including tanks, fluid distribution, heat exchangers, and monitoring controls tailored to your specific compute architecture
  • Extreme Density Capabilities: Our immersion solutions enable rack densities exceeding 100kW, supporting the most demanding AI, HPC, and cryptocurrency mining workloads
  • Total Infrastructure Integration: We seamlessly connect immersion systems with your broader data center infrastructure, optimizing interfaces between immersion zones and traditional cooling areas